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Coaching Teachers in the Age of AI

Author: Paul Allison

Often we can draw on our formative experiences as a teachers to map our paths in new territories like the ones we face today with the arrival of AI. In my first years as a teacher, i was invited into such powerful learning communities that my current work as an AI curriculum developer, platform designer, and coach can't help but be infused with what I started learning 40 years ago in the New York City Writing Project, the Bard Institute for Writing and Thinking, and the Collation of Essential Schools. Like I was welcomed into these communities of practice, I now invite you to bring your teacher expertise to the world of AI, working together to give sudents new, powerful pathways for learning in almost any digital project.

I have learned to focus on three things in my work with teachers: community, play, and design. In this chapter, I aim to show you how working with AI can strengthen your connections with other teachers, inspire you to play productively with technology, and give you opportunities to imagine, create, and test new digital learning experiences for your students.

But first, a scene-setting story.

 

Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 20 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere.

Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 20 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere.

Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of teachers swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students.

My Summer Invitational Institute was an intense four weeks of writing, theory and practice, and mentoring. I  was instantly surrounded by passionate educators who believed in the power of collaboration. This spirit of partnership—then rooted in writing, now evolving with AI—continues to shape how I work with teachers and students today.

In the summer after my first year of teaching, I was welcomed into the New York City Writing Project (NYCWP) by an amazing group of "on-site teacher consultants (TCs)" who were at the height of their impact as literacy coaches in NYC public schools. Although I never became a full-time TC myself, 40 years later, I still count some of these colleagues as friends.

I enjoy hearing and reading their stories of how they worked with teachers. Elaine Avidon edited a book about their work in schools called Stories of Impact in 2015. These narratives are similar to mine about the current work I do with educators who are learning how to create and use AI tools that enhance and augment their students' reading and writing processes.

Both the on-site consultants and I have stories about meaningful, multi-year relationships with colleagues. The NYCWP TCs emphasize how important it is to respect teachers' knowledge and expertise, and I can echo this stance by describing how AI prompt design, a key component of my work with teachers, starts with recognizing teachers as domain experts. 

The TCs and I can't say enough about making time and finding funding for teachers to have opportunities to explore their own writing and time to reflect on their practice. And we all agree that changing writing instruction or bringing AI-enhanced literacy learning into classrooms requires us to understand each particular school culture and how to work with administrators. 

Having a strong home base is vital as well. Each NYCWP TC is a member of a professional learning community where they pay by attention to both what and how: what writing pedagogy is supported by research and how best to work with teachers. Our work with AI and prompt design also grows out of a similar community of educators learning how AI works at the same time as we help teachers reimagine their workflows with AI-enhanced reading and writing in the curriculum.

If you would, please picture me a year after being inducted into the New York City Writing Project entering another noisy gathering of writers, thinkers, teachers, and poets catching up with each other like old friends who meet like this once a year to teach in Bard's Language and Thinking (L &T) program, which introduces incoming students to college-level thinking and writing before the official start of classes.

We are in a large living room of a former mansion now turned faculty residence where we will be staying for the next three weeks at Bard College. The ornate couches and chairs are complemented by the fragrant wild flowers that Paul Conolloy, director of L&T, had collected earlier from a nearby field.

It's exciting and a little unnerving to see Peter Ebow here. The author of an important book on writing pedagogy, Writing Without Teachers (1973), he had founded L&T with Paul Connolly five years earlier, shortly after his second book Writing With Power (1981) was published. They designed L&T to be a laboratory for exploratory writing, freewriting, and community-based learning—methods rooted in Elbow’s philosophy.

We are about to start with freewriting for some 20 minutes with the expectation that everybody will read to the group. This was my welcome to The Bard Institute for Writing and Thinking community of teachers and scholars.

Peter Elbow's ideas had already become the cornerstone of my teaching practice, and to see him on the other side of a large circle of experienced writing teachers who expected me to participate in their ritual of writing and reading together was daunting to say the least.

When we coach them to write scripts to create digital tools for their students, we give teachers the time they deserve to decribe their decision-making protocols and to make visible what they understand about learning in their disciplines. When we use our knowledge as teachers to craft Writing Partners through prompt engineering, we create manifestations of over 50 years of composition studies and research. For many of us, finding precise, nuanced, research-based descriptors for how we want an AI agent to give feedback to our students is a rare opportunity to conjer up, to reflect on, and to make explicit the latent decision-making and the informed improvisations we employ when we conference with student writers and comment in the margins of their papers.

We are engaging in a research process similar to Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) when we work together to compose, test, and iterate on prompts for Writing Partners, as we do on Teachers Teaching Teachers every Wednesday evening. In our socially constructed CTA, we bring to the surface and document our implicit knowledge of rhetoric and discourse scholarship, our understanding of what engages students and gives them agency, our own experiences as writers receiving feedback, and our memories of the most effective feedback we have provided at different points in a writing process.

Once teachers publish and share their research-rich Writing Partners, students can use them with any kind of writing, anywhere, anytime, and as often as they find them useful. The students can also duplicate the teachers' prompts and remix them or they can create their own Writing Partners.

Students are empowered by being able to prompt engineer their own Writing Partners, and we are often surprised, delighted, and encouraged by what they invent.The power that flows from the metacognition moves involved in creating a set of personalized Writing Partners to guide their own revision process should not be underestimated.

Students are not only improving their writing, they are also improving their understanding of how to improve their writing.

 
 
magine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 20 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere.
magine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 20 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere.
Show a workshop in action.
Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere.
Show a workshop in action. Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere.
Show a workshop in action. Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere. On a bookshelf in the front, show these books: Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers; Peter Elbow, Writing with Power; James Moffett; Teaching the Universe of Discourse; James Britton
Tony Burgess, Nancy Martin, Alex McLeod and Harold Rosen, The Development of Writing Abilities 11-18; Eugene Gendlin, Focusing. Also scattered around are open copies of College English, 4C's journal and the English Journal.
Show a workshop in action. Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere. On a bookshelf in the front, show these books: Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers; Peter Elbow, Writing with Power; James Moffett; Teaching the Universe of Discourse; James Britton, Tony Burgess, Nancy Martin, Alex McLeod and Harold Rosen, The Development of Writing Abilities 11-18; Eugene Gendlin, Focusing. Also scattered around are open copies of College English, 4C's journal and the English Journal, including  a page that shows "Understanding Composing" by Sondra Perl, College Composition and Communication
Vol. 31, No. 4 (Dec., 1980), pp. 363-369 (7 pages)
Show a workshop in action. Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere. On a bookshelf in the front, show these books: Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers; Peter Elbow, Writing with Power; James Moffett; Teaching the Universe of Discourse; James Britton, Tony Burgess, Nancy Martin, Alex McLeod and Harold Rosen, The Development of Writing Abilities 11-18; Eugene Gendlin, Focusing. Also scattered around are open copies of College English, 4C's journal and the English Journal, including  a page that shows "Understanding Composing" by Sondra Perl, College Composition and Communication
Vol. 31, No. 4 (Dec., 1980), pp. 363-369 (7 pages)
Show a workshop in action. Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere. On a bookshelf in the front, show these books: Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers; Peter Elbow, Writing with Power; James Moffett; Teaching the Universe of Discourse; James Britton, Tony Burgess, Nancy Martin, Alex McLeod and Harold Rosen, The Development of Writing Abilities 11-18; Eugene Gendlin, Focusing. Also scattered around are open copies of College English, 4C's journal and the English Journal, including a page that shows "Understanding Composing" by Sondra Perl, College Composition and Communication Vol. 31, No. 4 (Dec., 1980), pp. 363-369 (7 pages)
Show a workshop in action. Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere. On a bookshelf in the front, show these books: Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers; Peter Elbow, Writing with Power; James Moffett; Teaching the Universe of Discourse; James Britton, Tony Burgess, Nancy Martin, Alex McLeod and Harold Rosen, The Development of Writing Abilities 11-18; Eugene Gendlin, Focusing. Also scattered around are open copies of College English, 4C's journal and the English Journal, including a page that shows "Understanding Composing" by Sondra Perl, College Composition and Communication Vol. 31, No. 4 (Dec., 1980), pp. 363-369 (7 pages)
Show a workshop in action. Imagine walking into a Lehman College classroom buzzing with the energy of 15 diverse teachers--African-American and Latino and some White men and wormen--swapping stories, their laughter echoing off the extra desks pushed to the corners, and the smell of coffee mingling with fresh notebooks, a piece of newsprint holding the day's agenda. That’s how I first entered the New York City Writing Project community in July 1985. I'm inviting you back to that summer institute because the ways we worked together then still guide me when I co-create Ai environments for learning with teachers and students. Put New York City Writing Project and Lehman College in the image somewhere. On a bookshelf in the front, show these books: Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers; Peter Elbow, Writing with Power; James Moffett; Teaching the Universe of Discourse; James Britton, Tony Burgess, Nancy Martin, Alex McLeod and Harold Rosen, The Development of Writing Abilities 11-18; Eugene Gendlin, Focusing. Also scattered around are open copies of College English, 4C's journal and the English Journal, including a page that shows "Understanding Composing" by Sondra Perl, College Composition and Communication Vol. 31, No. 4 (Dec., 1980), pp. 363-369 (7 pages)
add each step to the current drawing, keep each step as presented in each line below so that I can see each
make a dot in the center of the image.
turn the dot into a line that moves, free from out to the right toward the edge, but not touching it.
curve the line down toward the center, bottom.
Join the line back to the original dot
Make a mirror image of everything we have so far
Turn the lines into rainbow ribbons in 3D
Remove the center dot
Make multiples of the shape.
Erase everything but the final image
add each step to the current drawing, keep each step as presented in each line below so that I can see each make a dot in the center of the image. turn the dot into a line that moves, free from out to the right toward the edge, but not touching it. curve the line down toward the center, bottom. Join the line back to the original dot Make a mirror image of everything we have so far Turn the lines into rainbow ribbons in 3D Remove the center dot Make multiples of the shape. Erase everything but the final image
Show each step as I go and keep preceding steps.
Figure 1. An active line on a walk, moving freely, without goal. A walk for a walk's sake. The mobility agent is a point, shifting its position forward.
Figure 2. The same line, accompanied by complementary forms.
Figure 3. The first line, accompanied by complementary forms.
Figure 4, The first line, circumscribing itself.
Figure 5. Two secondary lines, moving around an imaginary main line,
Figure 6. One active line, limited in its movement by touching seven fixed points without crossing itself.
Figure 7. (Only Figure 7 has four examples.) A medial line on four different shape which is both: point progression and planar effect. In the process of being created, make all four figures that have linear character; but once completed, this linearity is replaced by planarity.
Fugure 8. Passive lines which are the result of an activation of planes (line progression). Passive angular lines and passive circular lines become active as planar
constituents.
Show each step as I go and keep preceding steps. Figure 1. An active line on a walk, moving freely, without goal. A walk for a walk's sake. The mobility agent is a point, shifting its position forward. Figure 2. The same line, accompanied by complementary forms. Figure 3. The first line, accompanied by complementary forms. Figure 4, The first line, circumscribing itself. Figure 5. Two secondary lines, moving around an imaginary main line, Figure 6. One active line, limited in its movement by touching seven fixed points without crossing itself. Figure 7. (Only Figure 7 has four examples.) A medial line on four different shape which is both: point progression and planar effect. In the process of being created, make all four figures that have linear character; but once completed, this linearity is replaced by planarity. Fugure 8. Passive lines which are the result of an activation of planes (line progression). Passive angular lines and passive circular lines become active as planar constituents.
Draw a circle, a triangle, and a square.
Create a single, unbroken line that passes into the middle and out of these shapes but doesn't cross itself. Make the line smooth and freefrom. The shapes are transparent. no dots
Color the shapes above and below the line opposite colors.
Remove the parts of the intersecting line that are outside of the three shapes.
Make the shapes overlap, and where there is overlap, give those spaces the color they would have if the original colors were mixed.
Eliminate black borders. no white line separating shapes
Draw a circle, a triangle, and a square. Create a single, unbroken line that passes into the middle and out of these shapes but doesn't cross itself. Make the line smooth and freefrom. The shapes are transparent. no dots Color the shapes above and below the line opposite colors. Remove the parts of the intersecting line that are outside of the three shapes. Make the shapes overlap, and where there is overlap, give those spaces the color they would have if the original colors were mixed. Eliminate black borders. no white line separating shapes
Draw a circle, a triangle, and a square. Create a single, unbroken line that passes into the middle and out of these shapes but doesn't cross itself. Make the line smooth and freefrom. The shapes are transparent. no dots Color the shapes above and below the line opposite colors. Remove the parts of the intersecting line that are outside of the three shapes. Make the shapes overlap, and where there is overlap, give those spaces the color they would have if the original colors were mixed. Eliminate black borders. no white line separating shapes,

Now Let's make up a story where the circle and the square are enemies, and the Triangle wants them to be friends. Show the first panel of a comic that tells this story. Sow the Square and the Circle disagreeing with each other.
Draw a circle, a triangle, and a square. Create a single, unbroken line that passes into the middle and out of these shapes but doesn't cross itself. Make the line smooth and freefrom. The shapes are transparent. no dots Color the shapes above and below the line opposite colors. Remove the parts of the intersecting line that are outside of the three shapes. Make the shapes overlap, and where there is overlap, give those spaces the color they would have if the original colors were mixed. Eliminate black borders. no white line separating shapes, Now Let's make up a story where the circle and the square are enemies, and the Triangle wants them to be friends. Show the first panel of a comic that tells this story. Sow the Square and the Circle disagreeing with each other.
Draw a circle, a triangle, and a square. Create a single, unbroken line that passes into the middle and out of these shapes but doesn't cross itself. Make the line smooth and freefrom. The shapes are transparent. no dots Color the shapes above and below the line opposite colors. Remove the parts of the intersecting line that are outside of the three shapes. Make the shapes overlap, and where there is overlap, give those spaces the color they would have if the original colors were mixed. Eliminate black borders. no white line separating shapes,

Now Let's make up a story where the circle and the square are enemies, and the Triangle wants them to be friends. Show the first panel of a comic that tells this story. Sow the Square and the Circle disagreeing with each other. Show the next panel with the triangel all alone.
Draw a circle, a triangle, and a square. Create a single, unbroken line that passes into the middle and out of these shapes but doesn't cross itself. Make the line smooth and freefrom. The shapes are transparent. no dots Color the shapes above and below the line opposite colors. Remove the parts of the intersecting line that are outside of the three shapes. Make the shapes overlap, and where there is overlap, give those spaces the color they would have if the original colors were mixed. Eliminate black borders. no white line separating shapes, Now Let's make up a story where the circle and the square are enemies, and the Triangle wants them to be friends. Show the first panel of a comic that tells this story. Sow the Square and the Circle disagreeing with each other. Show the next panel with the triangel all alone.
Make this as separate frames of a graphic novel-style story, using two open book double-page ratios, showing four total pages.
1. Imagine that, in the the world of the imagination, it is the middle of the night in the middle of the countryside through which a road runs. 
2. A horse is coming down the road, and he meets a bear.
3. The horse exclaims, "What a night to be free in the forest!"
4. The bear retorts, "Any dangers ahead?"
5. The horse responds, "None that would concern you!"
6. All of a sudden a storm breaks out -- lightning, thunder, rain. Trees are bending, branches breaking. The peaceful night has exploded in a thunder storm!
7. The horse rises on his back legs and yells, "We need a safe place to wait out this storm!"
8. The bear reports, "I just passed a cave down the road. Let's run!"
9. Moral of the story: Collective action wins the day (and the stormy night)!
Make this as separate frames of a graphic novel-style story, using two open book double-page ratios, showing four total pages. 1. Imagine that, in the the world of the imagination, it is the middle of the night in the middle of the countryside through which a road runs. 2. A horse is coming down the road, and he meets a bear. 3. The horse exclaims, "What a night to be free in the forest!" 4. The bear retorts, "Any dangers ahead?" 5. The horse responds, "None that would concern you!" 6. All of a sudden a storm breaks out -- lightning, thunder, rain. Trees are bending, branches breaking. The peaceful night has exploded in a thunder storm! 7. The horse rises on his back legs and yells, "We need a safe place to wait out this storm!" 8. The bear reports, "I just passed a cave down the road. Let's run!" 9. Moral of the story: Collective action wins the day (and the stormy night)!
Make this as separate frames of a graphic novel-style story, using two open book double-page ratios, showing four total pages. 1. Imagine that, in the the world of the imagination, it is the middle of the night in the middle of the countryside through which a road runs. 2. A horse is coming down the road, and he meets a bear. 3. The horse exclaims, "What a night to be free in the forest!" 4. The bear retorts, "Any dangers ahead?" 5. The horse responds, "None that would concern you!" 6. All of a sudden a storm breaks out -- lightning, thunder, rain. Trees are bending, branches breaking. The peaceful night has exploded in a thunder storm! 7. The horse rises on his back legs and yells, "We need a safe place to wait out this storm!" 8. The bear reports, "I just passed a cave down the road. Let's run!" 9. Moral of the story: Collective action wins the day (and the stormy night)! Do not number frames.
Make this as separate frames of a graphic novel-style story, using two open book double-page ratios, showing four total pages. 1. Imagine that, in the the world of the imagination, it is the middle of the night in the middle of the countryside through which a road runs. 2. A horse is coming down the road, and he meets a bear. 3. The horse exclaims, "What a night to be free in the forest!" 4. The bear retorts, "Any dangers ahead?" 5. The horse responds, "None that would concern you!" 6. All of a sudden a storm breaks out -- lightning, thunder, rain. Trees are bending, branches breaking. The peaceful night has exploded in a thunder storm! 7. The horse rises on his back legs and yells, "We need a safe place to wait out this storm!" 8. The bear reports, "I just passed a cave down the road. Let's run!" 9. Moral of the story: Collective action wins the day (and the stormy night)! Do not number frames.




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